Prevalence and Severity of Autonomic Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a prevalent and significant consequence of diabetes mellitus. Additionally, it is the diabetes condition that is most often overlooked and least understood. Objective: This study aims to assess the prevalence of cardiac autonomic neuropathy and its different degrees in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Study Design: A Cross-sectional Study Place and duration of study: Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology & Cardiology HMC Hospital Peshawar from 1st Jan 2022 to 1st July 2022 Methodology: 100 individuals with type 02 Diabetes Mellitus diagnosed for at least 12 years, regardless of gender or age, were included. Ewing's criteria were used to identify Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy. Records were kept on the prevalence of CAN and its severity levels. Result: The selected population's mean age was 52.38 ± 02.875 years, ranging from 40 to 65 years. Thirty-nine patients (or 39%) were female, while 61 patients (or 61%) were male. Of the 100 patients, 51 (51%) had cardiac autonomic neuropathy; 18 (18%) had early forms, 29 (29%) had definite forms, 5 (5%) had severe forms, and 1 patient had unusual forms. It was linked to becoming older, although gender and the length of diabetes did not influence it. Conclusion: The study concludes that people with type II diabetes for more than ten years have a relatively high prevalence of cardiac autonomic neuropathy, n-49 (94%). Five patients (5%) had severe cardiac autonomic neuropathy, one patient had atypical cardiac autonomic neuropathy, and eighteen patients (18%) had an early level.