Respiratory sinus arrhythmia can be mathematically modeled as a second-order system, similar to a physical spring-mass system.
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May support second-order RSA modeling in HRV research; leaves open clinical translation pending validation.
The presented study describes the influence of respiration on heart rate, under controlled respiration conditions. In addition, this study makes a comparison of a simple physical model, the spring-mass system, with the biophysics of respiration. It is possible to use the equations describing the behaviour of the respiratory system, under certain conditions, and analyse them in a way similar to the equations that describe the physical spring-mass system. The results of the heart rate and respiration measurements effected on 10 subjects at various respiration frequencies show us that the heart rate behaves as a second order system within the boundary conditions during a longer period of constant respiration. The results also show that the heart rate behaves as a second order system within the intermediate mode during short time intervals when there is no respiration.
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Dejan Žikić (2006) studied this question.
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