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The cross-sensor field of an array consists of all products of the narrow-band quadrature signal measured at one sensor multiplied by the complex conjugate of the quadrature signal measured at a second sensor. Three algorithms which use the cross-sensor field to determine the level and direction of a set of acoustic waves incident on a billboard array are compared. These are correlation (conventional) beamforming, maximum likelihood estimation, and iterative decomposition.
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Homer P. Bucker (1979) studied this question.
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