Why the study?
Non-immune hydrops fetalis carries a poor fetal prognosis, and delineating its primary cause requires a systematic approach and knowledge of the underlying entity.
This case highlights the importance of a systematic approach, including fetal echocardiography and autopsy, to diagnose non-immune hydrops fetalis caused by functional cardiac disorders like fetal bradyarrhythmia.
Supports targeted fetal cardiac evaluation in non-immune hydrops; leaves open prevalence and management implications.
Introduction: Non-immune hydrops fetalis is a condition with poor fetal prognosis. The incidence of this clinical condition is increasing as compared to its iso-immune variant. The diagnosis of hydrops fetalis is straightforward; however, delineating the primary cause of non-immune hydrops fetalis requires a holistic approach and background knowledge of the entity. Case report: We present a case of non-immune hydrops fetalis due to a rare functional cardiac disorder demonstrated by features of cardiac failure in the form of clinically significant tricuspid regurgitation detected on echocardiography. Fetal autopsy supported the diagnosis by excluding any structural anomaly. Discussion: Non-immune hydrops fetalis may be due to structural and non-structural cardiac anomalies. Meticulous work-up is required to establish the diagnosis in such cases. Conclusion: The case also highlights the systematic approach as well as the series of investigations required for the early diagnosis and management of such cases.
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Agarwal et al. (2020) studied this question.
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