Optimisation of DNA vaccines for the prophylaxis and modulation of herpes simplex virus infections

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) lacks an effective vaccine. Despite its prevalence and importance HSV infection is not controlled with an acceptable vaccine. Perhaps the best candidate and so far untested approach is the use of plasmid DNA encoding viral proteins. Immunomodulators are also holding some hope as a potential therapeutic. In this review various DNA vaccine approaches used in animal model systems to prevent HSV infections are discussed. Judgements are made as to which of these may prove effective for prophylactic or therapeutic vaccines in humans.