Lyapunov-based strict stability results for multi-term pseudo-fractional differential equations

This paper investigates the strict stability of multi-term non-impulsive pseudo-fractional differential equations defined with respect to different kernel functions. By employing Caputo-type fractional derivatives, we extend stability concepts from impulsive systems to the non-impulsive framework. Lyapunov-like functions are constructed to derive sufficient conditions that ensure strict stability. Moreover, comparison principles are established to relate the associated fractional operators to explicit stability bounds. An illustrative example is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results and to highlight the influence of the multi-term structure on the stability behavior of the system.