What question did this study set out to answer?

To assess the adoption of adalimumab biosimilars and their associated cost-sharing patterns across Medicare Part D formularies.

Increasing formulary adoption of adalimumab biosimilars and differential cost-sharing in Medicare Part D plans

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Randomized trial evaluates formulary adoption of adalimumab biosimilars in Medicare Part D, indicating shifts in cost-sharing practices.

To assess the adoption of adalimumab biosimilars and their associated cost-sharing patterns across Medicare Part D formularies.
Analyzed CMS Medicare Part D Formulary and Plan Benefit Package files.
Categorized plans by coverage type: originator-only, dual coverage, and biosimilars-only.
In 2023, all Medicare Part D plans covering adalimumab listed only the originator product.
By 2024, 52.5% of plans provided dual coverage, increasing to 79.9% in 2025.
Biosimilar-exclusive coverage rose from 8.6% of plans in 2025 to 45.9% in 2026, with specialty-tier coinsurance ranging from 25% to 33%.

Feng et al. (2026) studied this question.

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