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This review analyzes how the CSAI-2 and CSAI-2R relate to actual sport performance outcomes over four decades.

August 6, 2026SportsOpen Access

A Meta-Analysis of the CSAI-2 and CSAI-2R with Objective Sport Performance from 1985–2026

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This review analyzes how the CSAI-2 and CSAI-2R relate to actual sport performance outcomes over four decades.
Systematic search of WOS and EBSCOhost databases following PRISMA guidelines
Analysis included 48 studies with 3659 athletes
Used random-effects models to calculate pooled mean differences and correlation coefficients.
Significant pooled effects found across all CSAI-2 subscales with small to medium magnitude
Wide prediction intervals indicate high variability in future findings
Subgroup analyses showed more stable results for specific sports like tennis and martial arts.

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Meta-analysis explores the link between anxiety inventories and objective sport performance, suggesting cautious interpretation.

Lochbaum et al. (2026) studied this question.

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