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Quickly emerging complexity characterizes the asymmetric, nucleophile-catalyzed aldol lactonization (NCAL) process with keto acid substrates and subsequent topology-altering reactions. The utility of chiral cyclic isothiourea catalysts as nucleophilic promoters (Lewis bases) for desymmetrization reactions through scaleable NCAL processes is demonstrated (see picture; HBTM=homobenzotetramisole).
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Leverett et al. (2010) studied this question.
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