Key result
Trypanosoma cruzi infection in Syrian hamsters caused an early and pronounced decrease in global longitudinal strain and global circumferential strain compared to controls from the first month.
Why the study?
Speckle tracking echocardiography enables early diagnosis of myocardial damage, but sequential structural and functional ventricular changes during the natural history of Chagas disease needed evaluation in an animal model.
Does Trypanosoma cruzi infection reduce left and right ventricular strain parameters in a Syrian hamster model of Chagas disease?
Does Trypanosoma cruzi infection reduce left and right ventricular strain parameters in a Syrian hamster model of Chagas disease?
p-value: p=0.003
Speckle tracking echocardiography detects early myocardial dysfunction (reduced GLS and GCS) in a Chagas disease model before overt reductions in LVEF, correlating with myocardial inflammation.
STE may enable early detection of ventricular strain changes in experimental Chagas disease; leaves open translation to clinical practice.
Background : Speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) enables early diagnosis of myocardial damage by evaluating myocardial strain. We aimed to study sequential changes in structural and functional ventricular parameters during Chagas disease (CD) natural history in an animal model. Methods : 37 Syrian hamsters were inoculated intraperitoneally with Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas) and 20 with saline (Control). Echocardiography was performed before the infection (baseline), at 1month (acute phase), 4, 6 and 8 months (chronic phase) using Vevo 2100 (Fujifilm Inc.) ultrasound system. Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), end-systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), global longitudinal (GLS), circumferential (GCS) and radial (GRS) strain were evaluated. Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) was used to assess right ventricular function. At 8 months, animals were euthanized and LV myocardial samples were analyzed for quantitation of inflammation and fibrosis. Results : LVEF decreased over time in Chagas group and a difference from Control was detected at 6 months (p-value of groups#time interaction = 0.005). There was a pronounced decrease in GLS, GCS and TAPSE in Chagas group (p-value of groups#time interaction = 0.003 for GLS, < 0.001 for GCS and < 0.009 for TAPSE vs Control) since the first month. LVESD, LVEF and GLS were significantly correlated to the number of inflammatory cells (r= 0.41, p=0.046; r= -0.42, p=0.042; r=0.41, p=0.047) but not to fibrosis. Conclusions : In the Syrian hamster model of CD STE parameters (GLS and GCS) showed an early decrease. Changes in LVEF, LVESD and GLS were correlated to myocardial inflammation but not to fibrosis.
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Ribeiro et al. (2021) studied Chagas disease (n=57). Trypanosoma cruzi inoculation vs. Saline solution was evaluated on Global longitudinal strain (GLS) change over time (p=0.003). Trypanosoma cruzi infection in Syrian hamsters caused an early and pronounced decrease in global longitudinal strain and global circumferential strain compared to controls from the first month.
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