What question did this study set out to answer?

To synthesize epidemiological risk factor analyses for visceral leishmaniasis in the Indian subcontinent, with an emphasis on clarifying the contradictory role of cattle to guide regional elimination strategies.

February 8, 2010PLoS neglected tropical diseasesOpen Access

Of Cattle, Sand Flies and Men: A Systematic Review of Risk Factor Analyses for South Asian Visceral Leishmaniasis and Implications for Elimination

View Full Paper

Ask AI

Bookmark

Authors

CBCaryn BernCenters for Disease Control and Prevention OCOrin CourtenayUniversity of Warwick JAJorge AlvarReal Academia Española

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Systematic review uncovers environmental and domestic risk factors for visceral leishmaniasis in South Asia, highlighting targeted interventions needed for disease elimination.

Key Points

To synthesize epidemiological risk factor analyses for visceral leishmaniasis in the Indian subcontinent, with an emphasis on clarifying the contradictory role of cattle to guide regional elimination strategies.
Conducted a systematic review of epidemiological studies published over the past decade evaluating risk factors for visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) across the Indian subcontinent.
Assessed data covering human reservoirs, spatial clustering, vector-promoting environmental exposures, host nutrition, and livestock presence.
Visceral leishmaniasis and subclinical infections exhibit pronounced household- and village-level clustering around index cases, with local saturation over several years followed by geographic shifting and subsequent waves of post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL).
Mud walls, indoor dampness, and peridomestic vegetation elevate risk by supporting sand fly vector survival, whereas bed net use, sleeping on cots, and indoor residual spraying consistently confer protection.
Cattle presence demonstrates contradictory effects across studies, alternating between increased and decreased transmission risk due to opposing influences on vector abundance, aggregation, and host-feeding preferences.

Cite This Study

Bern et al. (2010) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a7473fb96d04a2f43f53eb7 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000599

View Full Paper

Ask AI

Bookmark

February 8, 2010PLoS neglected tropical diseasesOpen Access

Of Cattle, Sand Flies and Men: A Systematic Review of Risk Factor Analyses for South Asian Visceral Leishmaniasis and Implications for Elimination

View Full Paper

Ask AI

Bookmark

Authors

CBCaryn BernCenters for Disease Control and Prevention OCOrin CourtenayUniversity of Warwick JAJorge AlvarReal Academia Española

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Systematic review uncovers environmental and domestic risk factors for visceral leishmaniasis in South Asia, highlighting targeted interventions needed for disease elimination.

Key Points

To synthesize epidemiological risk factor analyses for visceral leishmaniasis in the Indian subcontinent, with an emphasis on clarifying the contradictory role of cattle to guide regional elimination strategies.
Conducted a systematic review of epidemiological studies published over the past decade evaluating risk factors for visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) across the Indian subcontinent.
Assessed data covering human reservoirs, spatial clustering, vector-promoting environmental exposures, host nutrition, and livestock presence.
Visceral leishmaniasis and subclinical infections exhibit pronounced household- and village-level clustering around index cases, with local saturation over several years followed by geographic shifting and subsequent waves of post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL).
Mud walls, indoor dampness, and peridomestic vegetation elevate risk by supporting sand fly vector survival, whereas bed net use, sleeping on cots, and indoor residual spraying consistently confer protection.
Cattle presence demonstrates contradictory effects across studies, alternating between increased and decreased transmission risk due to opposing influences on vector abundance, aggregation, and host-feeding preferences.

Cite This Study

Bern et al. (2010) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a7473fb96d04a2f43f53eb7 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000599

Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

View Full Paper

Ask AI

Bookmark