Why the study?
Does alcohol consumption or expectation alter psychophysiological responses to stress in male experienced drinkers?
Population
96 male, experienced drinkers
Comparison
Alcohol consumption and/or alcohol expectation… vs Tonic consumption and/or tonic expectation
Design
RCT, Assigned to eight conditions in a between-subjects design, Beverage…
Authors
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Alcohol pharmacologically attenuates cardiovascular and anxiety stress responses independent of expectancy; confirms direct effects and challenges placebo-centric models.
Does alcohol consumption or expectation alter psychophysiological responses to stress in male experienced drinkers?
Pharmacological alcohol consumption, rather than the psychological expectation of alcohol, is responsible for dampening physiological and psychological responses to stress.
Levenson et al. (1980) studied this question.
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