Key result
An anterior plaque stenosis rate greater than 60% significantly increased posterior plaque velocity, wall shear stress, wall normal stress, shear rate, and wall shear stress gradient by 37.8%, 71.8%, 47.2%, 56%, and 199.8%, respectively.
Why the study?
A large number of associated plaques rather than single plaques are found in diseased vessels during clinical diagnosis of atherosclerotic diseases.
Computational fluid dynamics modeling demonstrates that an anterior plaque stenosis >60% significantly worsens hemodynamic stress on a posterior plaque, providing theoretical support for clinical stenting thresholds.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May inform multi-lesion hemodynamic assessment; leaves open validation in patient-specific models before clinical use.
For atherosclerotic diseases, a large number of associated plaque rather than single plaque are found in diseased vessels during clinic diagnosis. For the study of hemodynamic parameters, this paper uses a simplified model to simulate the fluid-structure interaction during a non-Newtonian blood flowing through arteries with different degrees of stenosis caused by atherosclerosis. The influence of the geometry and location of the anterior plaque on the hemodynamic parameters of the posterior plaque have mainly been discussed. The effects of fluid wall shear stress, gradient, normal stress and shear rate on the posterior plaque were studied by changing of the plaque spacing, the stenosis rate, the spatial angle in diseased artery. The simulation results obtained by the ideal model can reveal more complex blood flow characteristics of arterial stenosis. It shows that with the increase of plaque spacing, V, WSS, WNS and SR increased by an average of about 3.2–6.6%. And when δ1 > 60%, the variables V, WSS, WNS, SR, and WSSG increase by more than 37%.These findings are of great significance to the development and prediction of plaque rupture in the diseased vessels.
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Zhang et al. (2024) studied Atherosclerotic plaque. Plaque geometry and spatial position variations (spacing, stenosis rate, spatial angle) was evaluated on Hemodynamic parameters (velocity, wall shear stress, wall normal stress, shear rate, wall shear stress gradient). An anterior plaque stenosis rate greater than 60% significantly increased posterior plaque velocity, wall shear stress, wall normal stress, shear rate, and wall shear stress gradient by 37.8%, 71.8%, 47.2%, 56%, and 199.8%, respectively.
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