Suppression of irregular frequency effects in fluid–structure interaction problems using a combined boundary integral equation method

It is well known that at certain discrete frequencies the conventional boundary integral equation formulation of free surface fluid–structure interaction analyses breaks down. At such ‘irregular’ frequencies the BIE method fails to provide either an acceptable or a unique solution. Having established the existence of irregular frequencies, a review of the different approaches adopted to remedy this problem is presented. A very simple modification of the BIE method is also presented to eliminate the irregular frequency problem. The proposed procedure, designated the combined boundary integral equation method (CBIEM), can be categorized as a modified integral domain method. A description of the CBIEM formulation is presented and its ability to provide a unique solution at all frequencies is demonstrated. Predictions of 3D hydrodynamic reactive coefficients of added mass and fluid damping for a Series 60 hull form and an ellipsoid based on the CBIEM procedure are presented. These predictions are compared with results generated using conventional integral equation methods. The numerical studies demonstrate that the CBIEM is both a practical and effective method of suppressing irregular frequencies. In particular, the procedure is easy to implement in existing BIE computer codes with minimal additional computational effort.