Key result
Long-term swim training in spontaneously hypertensive rats significantly reduced blood pressure and increased fractional urinary sodium excretion compared with sedentary controls.
Why the study?
Does long-term swim training reduce blood pressure and modulate renal angiotensin II signalling in spontaneously hypertensive rats?
Does long-term swim training reduce blood pressure and modulate renal angiotensin II signalling in spontaneously hypertensive rats?
Long-term exercise training attenuates hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats, associated with increased natriuresis and decreased renal AT1 receptor expression.
Supports swim training for BP reduction in hypertensive rat models; leaves open translation to human hypertension.
Observations have been made regarding the effects of long-term exercise training on blood pressure, renal sodium handling and renal renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAS) intracellular pathways in conscious, trained Okamoto-Aoki spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar Kyoto (WKy) normotensive rats, compared with appropriate age-matched sedentary SHR and WKy. To evaluate the influence of exercise training on renal function and RAS, receptors and intracellular angiotensin II (AngII) pathway compounds were used respectively, and lithium clearance and western blot methods were utilised. The current study demonstrated that increased blood pressure in SHR was blunted and significantly reduced by long-term swim training between the ages of 6 and 16 weeks. Additionally, the investigators observed an increased fractional urinary sodium excretion in trained SHR (SHR(T)) rats, compared with sedentary SHR (SHR(S)), despite a significantly decreased creatinine clearance (C(Cr)). Furthermore, immunoblotting analysis demonstrated a decreased expression of AT1(R) in the entire kidney of T(SHR) rats, compared with S(SHR). Conversely, the expression of the AT2(R), in both sedentary and trained SHR, was unchanged. The present study may indicate that, in the kidney, long-term exercise exerts a modulating effect on AngII receptor expression. In fact, the present study indicates an association of increasing natriuresis, reciprocal changes in renal AngII receptors and intracellular pathway proteins with the fall in blood pressure levels observed in T(SHR) rats compared with age-matched S(SHR) rats.
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Ciampone et al. (2011) studied Hypertension. Long-term swim training vs. Sedentary was evaluated on Blood pressure, renal sodium handling and renal renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAS) intracellular pathways. Long-term swim training in spontaneously hypertensive rats significantly reduced blood pressure and increased fractional urinary sodium excretion compared with sedentary controls.