Pediatric Transthoracic Cardiac Vector Flow Imaging – A Preliminary Pictorial Study

Figures

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  Fig. 1. Blood flow in the right a and left b ventricle. Frames are recorded on two healthy newborns in apical four-chamber view. The direction and velocity of the blood flow are given by the corresponding color maps and indicated by the superimposed vector arrows. rv=right ventricle, lv=left ventricle.

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  Fig. 2. The flow in the pulmonary trunk a , the ascending aorta b , and aortic arch c of three healthy newborns. a and b are parasternal views, while c is a suprasternal view. Vortices behind the valves in the pulmonary trunk a and the ascending aorta b are marked with white arrows.

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  Fig. 3. Clockwise rotational flow in the ascending aorta a , and slow counter-clockwise rotational flow in the left ventricle b in short-axis parasternal views of two healthy newborns.

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  Fig. 4. Infant with a large VSD. Left-to-right shunt through a large VSD with reversed flow in the right ventricle a , and an increased sling-like flow in the left ventricle b . Frames are recorded in the apical view. The VSD is marked with a “star” in (a). rv=right ventricle, lv=left ventricle.

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  Fig. 5. Infant with ToF. a shows the right-to-left shunt through the VSD with reversed flow circulation in the right ventricle, and b shows the complex flow pattern in the pulmonary trunk due to pulmonary constriction. c shows increased clockwise rotation in the ascending aorta.

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  Fig. 6. Infant with coarctation of the aorta. Complex systolic flow in the descending aorta in an infant due to aortic narrowing a . After surgical removal of the constricted vessel segment, the flow complexity is reduced b . The frames are recorded in the suprasternal view. The coarctation is marked with an arrow in (a).