Surface-immobilized nanoscale reactors utilizing membrane protein channels are used to generate precisely patterned chemically and biologically active surfaces (see image). The enzymatic conversion of a fluorogenic substrate in the cavity of immobilized nanoreactors is a model reaction demonstrating future potential application of the system in sensors, analytics, microfluidics, and single-molecule spectroscopy.
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Grzelakowski et al. (2009) studied this question.
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