Key result
Overweight or obese adolescents had a 41% higher odds of having pre-diabetes or diabetes compared to those who were not overweight or obese (OR 1.41).
Why the study?
The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of pre-diabetes/diabetes and determine associated factors among adolescents at the national level in India.
Cross-Sectional (n=35,830)
Yes
Odds Ratio: 1.41 (95% CI 1.08–1.82)
Pre-diabetes and diabetes are highly prevalent among Indian adolescents, particularly males, and are strongly associated with obesity measures like BMI and subscapular skinfold thickness.
Background The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimated that 1.1 million children and adolescents aged 14–19 years are living with diabetes. Diabetes is a chronic, progressive disease characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose. It is also recognized as a complex disease that affects people of different ages due to different causes. The present study aims to estimate the prevalence of pre-diabetes/diabetes at the national level. Additionally, the respective study determines the factors associated with pre-diabetes/diabetes conditions among adolescents at the national level. Methods The data for this study was carried out from Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (CNNS), the first-ever nationally representative nutrition survey of children and adolescents in India. The study used a sample size of 17,865 male and 17,965 female adolescents for the analysis. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and logistic regression analysis were done to carve out the results. Results The prevalence of pre-diabetes/diabetes was 12.3% and 8.4% among male and female adolescents in India respectively. Body mass index and Subscapular skinfold thickness were the two most important predictors of pre-diabetes/diabetes among adolescents. Further, physical activities show a negative association with pre-diabetes/diabetes. Moreover, interaction models in the present study clearly reveal the fact that females were less likely to suffer from pre-diabetes/diabetes than males. Additionally, it was found that the prevalence of pre-diabetes/diabetes was high among female adolescents from lower socio-economic strata. Conclusion Pre-diabetes/diabetes conditions can be prevented among adolescents with effective approaches available. Regular exercise and involvement in moderate to high physical activity, maintaining a healthy diet, avoiding substance use, and cholesterol levels are recommended to control pre-diabetes/diabetes conditions among adolescents.
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Kumar et al. (2020) conducted a cross-sectional in Pre-diabetes/diabetes (n=35,830). Overweight/obesity vs. Not overweight/obese was evaluated on Pre-diabetes/diabetes (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.08-1.82). Overweight or obese adolescents had a 41% higher odds of having pre-diabetes or diabetes compared to those who were not overweight or obese (OR 1.41).
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