The influence of constituent material properties on the behavior of doubly periodic, 1-3 connectivity composite transducers is described using constrained unidimensional theory, supplemented by finite element analysis. Two functional situations are discussed, corresponding to thickness drive and quasihydrostatic operation. In each case the active ceramic and inert filler phases are varied as functions of ceramic-filler volume fraction. For the composite dimensions under consideration, there is general good agreement between the constrained theory and finite element modelling, although where this is not the case, differences are highlighted and reasons provided for their occurrence. A strong practical emphasis is placed throughout, with a view towards providing useful guidelines for the transducer design engineer.
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Hayward et al. (1995) studied this question.