Comparison Between Tobacco and Electric Cigarette Use on Migraine Headache

Cigarette has become the highest risk factor of death since 2017. The type of cigarette mostly used are kretek tobacco cigarette and electric cigarette (e-cigarette). Smoking cigarette can cause an impact on the neurological system, such as headache. Migraine is a primary headache that mainly occurs in age group between 15 and 49 years old. This research was carried out to find out the comparison between the use of tobacco cigarette and e-cigarette on migraine headache at the age of 18-24 years old. The study design used is cross-sectional with 250 subjects aged 18-24 who agreed to be involved and met the research inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data measurements were done using Brinkman index questionnaire for the use of tobacco cigarette, the use of the e-cigarette questionnaire, and Migraine Screen Questionnaire (MS-Q). Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 26. Chi square analysis showed a difference on the occurrence of migraine between the use of tobacco and e- cigarette with p-value 0.006 and Odd Ratio 2.269 for tobacco cigarette. Chi square analysis about e- cigarette showed a difference on the occurrence of migraine between high and low usage of e – cigarette (p = 0.045) and OR 2.828 for high usage of e – cigarette. Chi square analysis about tobacco cigarette showed a significant difference on the occurrence of migraine between moderate and low usage of tobacco cigarette (p = 0.022) and OR 3.041 for moderate usage of tobacco cigarette. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high usage of e-cigarette, mild, and moderate usage tobacco cigarette have 2.828-, 3.070-, and 9.333-times greater risk than low usage e-cigarette in the occurrence of migraine. This study shows that tobacco cigarette usage has a greater effect on causing migraine headache compared to the use of the e-cigarette.