Thermo-resilience aspects of broad leaves in three xerophyte species

Purpose Extreme temperature fluctuations from climate change negatively affect the growth of medicinal and economic plants. In arid regions, these changes disrupt biochemical processes necessary for metabolic activities, impacting osmotic balance and protein levels, which influence thermostability. This study investigates the water output and metabolic responses of broad leaf plants in Arabian deserts. Design/methodology/approach Samples of broad succulent and non-succulent leaves from some native species were collected from different areas between latitudes N 25° and N 30° in the Egyptian deserts to assess their responses in water output and primary metabolites to temperature variations under controlled conditions. Findings Results indicate that increased temperatures above 45°C lead to excessive water output and metabolic changes in plants. Notably, Hyoscyamus muticus, along with Calotropis procera, showcases a capacity to endure extreme temperatures, contrasting with Cynanchum acutum, which shows poor resilience to heat stress. Investigations reveal significant correlations among parameters in plant species at latitude 27°, particularly in the Assiut region, influenced by extreme climatic conditions. Originality/value In agricultural projects, the succulent leaf characteristics of introduced species and native plants play a crucial role in managing climate changes by absorbing high insolation, even under extreme temperature conditions.