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August 7, 2026Journal of Neurology ResearchOpen Access

Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Aquaporin-4 Immunoglobulin G–Positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder After Satralizumab Failure

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Authors

LZLizeth Zertuche-OrtunoJPJosé Renán Pérez-PérezCPChristian Pérez-Lohman

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Overview

Case report demonstrates effective use of autologous stem cell transplantation in refractive NMOSD, suggesting new treatment pathways.

Key Points

  • This report aims to explore the effectiveness of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) in a patient with AQP4-IgG positive NMOSD who was refractory to satralizumab treatment.
  • Case report of a 32-year-old woman with NMOSD and autoimmune conditions receiving aHSCT after satralizumab failure
  • Conditioning regimen included cyclophosphamide, rituximab, and anti-thymocyte globulin
  • 3.11 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg were infused post-conditioning.
  • Patient remained relapse-free at 2-year follow-up despite persistent AQP4-IgG seropositivity
  • Notable functional recovery observed throughout the follow-up period
  • Early post-transplant complications such as neutropenia and pneumonia resolved with treatment.

Cite This Study

Zertuche-Ortuno et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a758b54847ab6d26c01ec91https://doi.org/10.14740/jnr1123
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1High-dose immunosuppressive therapy followed by haematopoietic stem cell transplantation as a method for the treatment of refractory forms of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder in children2024
  2. 2A54-03 Paralysis Unveiled: A Case of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Responding to Rescue Therapy2026
  3. 3Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder associated with cutaneous lupus and multidrug immunosuppressant hypersensitivity2026 · 1 citations
  4. 4Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Clinical Review2026
  5. 5Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders – from pathophysiology to treatment2024