Review evaluates sustainable extraction methods for antimicrobial phenolics in agro-industrial by-products, suggesting new approaches to combat antibiotic resistance.
Staphylococcus aureus remains a critical global threat to healthcare and food safety due to escalating antibiotic resistance. This review evaluates the valorisation of agro-industrial by-products as sustainable reservoirs of antimicrobial phenolics. It synthesises key findings on anti-S. aureus efficacy while highlighting a significant industry shift towards “green” extraction techniques, such as supercritical fluid and pressurised liquid extraction. A primary differential of this work is the comprehensive analysis of predictive computational tools—specifically Hansen Solubility Parameters and COnductor-like Screening MOdel for Real Solvents (COSMO-RS)—to rationalise solvent selection for targeted bioactive recovery. The integration of these digital strategies with advanced purification frameworks is examined for its potential to maximise antimicrobial potency and economic viability. By consolidating insights into modern processing and structure-activity relationships, this review establishes a synergistic framework for developing next-generation natural antimicrobials within a circular economy.
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Brito-Oliveira et al. (2026) studied this question.
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