Sequential norovirus infections by different genotypes in a child suggest that lack of cross-protective immunity is due to insufficient enduring mucosal immune response, which is important for vaccine design.
Hypothesis-generating for norovirus vaccines targeting durable mucosal immunity; leaves open cross-genotype protection in broader populations.
We investigated sequential episodes of acute norovirus gastroenteritis in a young child within an 11-month period. The infections were caused by 2 distinct genotypes (GII.4 and GII.6). Failure to achieve cross-protective immunity was linked to absence of an enduring and cross-reactive mucosal immune response, a critical consideration for vaccine design.
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Parra et al. (2014) studied this question.
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