Why the study?
Heart transplantation complications such as right ventricle dysfunction, rejection, cardiac allograft vasculopathy, and primary graft dysfunction cause poor prognosis, prompting investigation into biomarkers to identify and prevent these conditions sooner.
What is the clinical usefulness of established and novel biomarkers in identifying complications after heart transplantation?
What is the clinical usefulness of established and novel biomarkers in identifying complications after heart transplantation?
This review outlines the potential of both established and emerging biomarkers to predict and manage severe complications following heart transplantation.
Biomarker monitoring may support earlier post-HTx complication detection; leaves open routine adoption pending prospective validation.
Advanced heart failure (AdvHF) can only be treated definitively by heart transplantation (HTx), yet problems such right ventricle dysfunction (RVD), rejection, cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV), and primary graft dysfunction (PGD) are linked to a poor prognosis. As a result, numerous biomarkers have been investigated in an effort to identify and prevent certain diseases sooner. We looked at both established biomarkers, such as NT-proBNP, hs-troponins, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and newer ones, such as extracellular vesicles (EVs), donor specific antibodies (DSA), gene expression profile (GEP), donor-derived cell free DNA (dd-cfDNA), microRNA (miRNA), and soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2). These biomarkers are typically linked to complications from HTX. We also highlight the relationships between each biomarker and one or more problems, as well as their applicability in routine clinical practice.
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Martini et al. (2024) studied this question.
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