Key result
HIV infection was not associated with a significantly different enterovirus infection rate compared to HIV-negative individuals (10.4% vs 13.7%).
Why the study?
Most enterovirus data in sub-Saharan Africa derive from pediatric acute flaccid paralysis surveillance, leaving enterovirus presence in adult populations largely uncharacterized.
Is there a difference in the prevalence and species of non-polio enteroviruses between HIV-positive and HIV-negative adults in Ghana?
Cross-Sectional (n=352)
No
Is there a difference in the prevalence and species of non-polio enteroviruses between HIV-positive and HIV-negative adults in Ghana?
Absolute Event Rate: 10.4% vs 13.7%
The study provides the first data on enterovirus prevalence in adults in Ghana, showing similar infection rates but different species distributions and co-infection patterns between HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals.
In the post-polio eradication era, increasing attention is given to non-polio enteroviruses. Most of the data about enteroviruses in sub-Saharan Africa are related to acute flaccid paralysis surveillance and target the pediatric population. This study aimed to investigate the presence of enterovirus in PLHIV (people living with HIV) and HIV-negative individuals in Ghana. Stool samples from HIV-positive individuals (n = 250) and healthy blood donors (n = 102) attending the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Kumasi, Ghana, were screened by real-time PCR for enterovirus. Molecular typing of the VP1 region was performed. Enterovirus-positive samples were tested for norovirus, adenovirus, rotavirus, sapovirus, and cosaviruses. Twenty-six out of 250 HIV-positive subjects (10.4%) and 14 out of 102 HIV-negative individuals (13.7%) were detected enterovirus-positive, not showing a significant different infection rate between the two groups. HIV-negative individuals were infected with Enterovirus C strains only. HIV-positive participants were detected positive for species Enterovirus A, Enterovirus B, and Enterovirus C. Co-infections with other viral enteric pathogens were almost exclusively detected among HIV-positive participants. Overall, the present study provides the first data about enteroviruses within HIV-positive and HIV-negative adults living in Ghana.
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Cristanziano et al. (2020) conducted a cross-sectional in Enterovirus infection (n=352). HIV infection vs. HIV-negative individuals was evaluated on Enterovirus detection rate. HIV infection was not associated with a significantly different enterovirus infection rate compared to HIV-negative individuals (10.4% vs 13.7%).
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