Key result
Extracted face skin area contains more blood volume pulse information, and blind source separation and peak detection methods are more robust to head motions for estimating heart rate.
Systematic Review (n=24)
This systematic review highlights that for remote heart rate detection from face videos, extracting face skin area and using blind source separation with peak detection provides the most robust estimation against head motions.
May enhance remote HR monitoring robustness; leaves open clinical validation before practice adoption.
Remotely measuring physiological activity can provide substantial benefits for both the medical and the affective computing applications. Recent research has proposed different methodologies for the unobtrusive detection of heart rate (HR) using human face recordings. These methods are based on subtle color changes or motions of the face due to cardiovascular activities, which are invisible to human eyes but can be captured by digital cameras. Several approaches have been proposed such as signal processing and machine learning. However, these methods are compared with different datasets, and there is consequently no consensus on method performance. In this article, we describe and evaluate several methods defined in literature, from 2008 until present day, for the remote detection of HR using human face recordings. The general HR processing pipeline is divided into three stages: face video processing, face blood volume pulse (BVP) signal extraction, and HR computation. Approaches presented in the paper are classified and grouped according to each stage. At each stage, algorithms are analyzed and compared based on their performance using the public database MAHNOB-HCI. Results found in this article are limited on MAHNOB-HCI dataset. Results show that extracted face skin area contains more BVP information. Blind source separation and peak detection methods are more robust with head motions for estimating HR.
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Wang et al. (2018) conducted a systematic review in Remote heart rate detection (n=24). Remote heart rate detection methods vs. ECG ground truth was evaluated on Heart rate estimation accuracy. Extracted face skin area contains more blood volume pulse information, and blind source separation and peak detection methods are more robust to head motions for estimating heart rate.
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