Key result
In a screening of 344 subjects in a small Italian community, the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors was high, including 78.2% with hypercholesterolemia and 51.2% with arterial hypertension.
Cross-Sectional (n=344)
No
A screening campaign in a small Italian community revealed a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors with poor awareness and control, highlighting the need for population-level screening.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
High undetected CV risk in community screening warrants caution; cross-sectional data leaves open generalizability and need for prospective studies.
INTRODUCTION: Hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes are the main causes of cardiovascular diseases in developed countries. However, these conditions are still poorly recognized and treated. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed at estimating the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control rates of major cardiovascular risk factors in an unselected sample of individuals of a small community located in northern Italy. METHODS: We screened 344 sequential subjects in this study. Data collection included family and clinical history, anthropometric data, blood pressure, blood glucose, and serum cholesterol values. Individual cardiovascular risk profiles were assessed by risk charts of the Progetto Cuore. RESULTS: Based on personal history and/or measured values, 78.2% of subjects had hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol levels > 190 mg/dL), 61.0% had central obesity (waist circumference ≥ 94 cm for men and ≥80 cm for women), 51.2% had arterial hypertension (blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg), 8.1% had diabetes (blood glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL), 22.7% had impaired fasting glucose (blood glucose 100-125 mg/dL), and 35.5% were overweight (body mass index 25-29 kg/m(2)). Alcohol drinkers and smokers accounted for 46.2% and 22.4% of subjects, respectively. Awareness of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes was poor, and control of these risk factors, except for diabetes, was even worse. Prevalence of high blood pressure, high serum cholesterol, overweight, and obesity significantly increased with aging. Hypercholesterolemia and obesity were significantly more common in women, while overweight and diabetes in men. In 15.4% of participants, the risk of a major cardiovascular event in the next 10 years was either high or very high. CONCLUSION: In a small community in a wealthy region of Italy, the prevalence of major cardiovascular risk factors is high, while awareness, treatment, and control are poor. Such a result highlights the importance of screening campaigns as a strategy to improve early diagnosis and access to treatment, and thus effective prevention of cardiovascular diseases in the general population.
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Omboni et al. (2013) conducted a cross-sectional in Cardiovascular risk factors (n=344). Cardiovascular risk factors was evaluated on Prevalence of major cardiovascular risk factors. In a screening of 344 subjects in a small Italian community, the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors was high, including 78.2% with hypercholesterolemia and 51.2% with arterial hypertension.
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