One of the last bottlenecks in the elucidation of the methylerythritol phosphate pathway for isoprenoid biosynthesis has been solved. A [4Fe–4S] cluster is the prosthetic group of the GcpE protein from E. coli. This enzyme is involved in the conversion of 1 into 2, through two successive one-electron transfers.
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Seemann et al. (2002) studied this question.