Optimal scheduling of electricity-gas-heat-hydrogen integrated energy system considering carbon transaction cost

Aim: To improve energy efficiency, optimize the operation of equipment, and reduce the carbon emission of the integrated energy system (IES), an IES low-carbon operation strategy is proposed. Methods: This paper comprehensively considers the influence of the stepped carbon trading scheme, the wind generation and load forecasting represented by fuzzy parameters, and the operation strategy of energy storage equipment with flexible space margin on the optimal scheduling of IES. Based on this, a low-carbon operation target with the minimum sum of power purchase cost, gas purchase cost, carbon emission cost, and abandoned wind cost is constructed. Results: Five scenarios are compared and analyzed. The effects of different carbon emission penalty strategies and wind power output and load uncertainties on benefits are analyzed. The feasibility of the proposed scheme is verified by the simulation results of a numerical example. Conclusion: The stepwise carbon trading mechanism can better guide the effect of carbon emission reduction compared with the traditional carbon trading pricing model.