Total Mortality, Major Adverse Cardiac Events, and Echocardiographic‐Derived Cardiac Parameters with Fragmented QRS Complex

BACKGROUND: Fragmented QRS complex (fQRS), an easily evaluated noninvasive electrocardiographic parameter, is associated with worse outcomes in patients with several cardiovascular conditions. The presence of fQRS on ECG may be an indicator of myocardial damage in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). In this article, we performed a meta-analysis in order to characterize the presence of fQRS on ECG in patients with CAD. METHODS: We searched English-language randomized controlled trials involving fQRS on ECG in patients with CAD (n = 3279 patients, 12 trials). Two reviewers independently extracted data. Data on LVEF, LVESD, LVEDD, LVESV, LVEDV, total mortality, stroke, and MACE were collected. fQRS was performed a comparison with non-fQRS, calculating pooled relatives risk (RRs) and weighted mean difference (WMD), and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: fQRS was associated with significant increased WMD of LVEDD (WMD, 2.26; 95%CI, 0.92 to 0.36, P = 0.0009), LVESD (WMD, 2.71; 95%CI, 1.23 to 4.19, P = 0.0003), LVEDV (WMD, 31.37; 95%CI, 24.82 to 37.92, P < 0.00001), and LVESV (WMD, 28.45; 95%CI, 22.92 to 33.98, P < 0.00001). As compared to non-fQRS, fQRS increased risk of total mortality (RR, 3.09; 95%CI, 1.76 to 5.44, P < 0.0001) and MACE (RR, 2.85; 95%CI, 1.98 to 4.09, P < 0.00001) in patients with CAD. However, a decreased trend was observed for LVEF (WMD, -3.59; 95%CI, -7.05 to -0.12, P = 0.04). For the incidence of stoke, there was no difference between fQRS and non-fQRS group. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that fQRS is a valuable factor to predict total mortality and MACE in patients with CAD.