In recent years, open access publishing has become more than a buzzword and is now a phenomenon in academic publishing that carries with it much confusion and various connotations for authors and readers. Essentially, open access represents a change in the publishing business model that involves a shift from a pay-for-reading to a pay-for-publishing process. Like traditional subscription journals, open access journals are usually run by private companies that charge academic institutions for their services.
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Martha K. Swartz (2015) studied this question.
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