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6%, and 1.4%, respectively, of the diagnosed CL cases (8). This trend could be due either to an increase of L. braziliensis prevalence in the forests of Guiana or to a greater presence of humans (e.g., military personnel, scientists, and tourists) in deep forest areas with hot spots of transmission. Favorable environmental conditions in a well-delimited zoonotic microfocus hot spot might have contributed to this high rate of transmission. However the relative genetic diversity of strains we observed among the 5 analyzed patients was unexpected, given the relatively small spatial and temporal scale of the transmission area, and indicates that the reservoirs in this restricted area were infested by distinct genotypes. Development of a peridomestic cycle, perhaps with specific reservoirs (pets) and vectors, cannot be excluded in the Sal area.
Lappe et al. (Wed,) studied this question.