Population
canine cardiac Purkinje cells
Comparison
QX-222 applied intracellularly, and benzocaine vs absence of drugs
Design
Preclinical
Authors
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Supports modulated over guarded receptor model in animal Na channels; leaves open human translation and antiarrhythmic implications.
The study provides direct evidence that cardiac sodium channels behave as modulated receptors when interacting with antiarrhythmic drugs, altering gating kinetics and reducing voltage-dependence.
Hanck et al. (1994) studied this question.
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