Diabetic retinopathy is associated with lower serum bilirubin and higher serum malondialdehyde levels, suggesting a potential link between oxidative stress and microvascular complications.
Low bilirubin and high MDA associate with DR in T2DM; leaves open whether these markers predict progression or guide therapy.
Objective: Determine the serum bilirubin, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and glycemic control with retinopathy in type 2 Diabetes mellitus. Subjects and Methods: The present case control study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro/Hyderabad from January 2014 to February 2015. 50 type 2 DM (controls group 1) without DR and 50 type 2 DM with DR (cases group 2) were selected. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were followed strictly. RBG, FBG, fasting insulin, HbA1c, blood lipids, serum creatinine and bilirubin were detected and HOMA model was calculated. MDA was estimated by assay kit. Data was analyzed on Statistix 8.1 (USA) software (P ≤ 0.05). Results: Blood glucose, Glycated HbA1, serum creatinine, serum bilirubin and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) showed statistically significant difference (p<0.05). Serum bilirubin was noted as 1.09±0.25 and 0.96±0.21 mg/dl in controls and cases (p=0.005). Serum MDA was significantly elevated in DR cases 5.94±2.02 µmol/dl vs. 3.88±2.24 µmol/dl in controls. Serum bilirubin showed negative correlation with blood glucose, HbA1c and MDA (r-value noted as -0.359, -0.306 and -0.302 respectively). Serum MDA showed positive correlation with blood glucose (r = 0.478) and HbA1c (r = 0.507). Conclusion: The present study reports low serum bilirubin and high serum malondialdehyde levels in diabetic retinopathy.
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Shaikh et al. (2017) studied this question.
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