Labelling Theory and Criminology: An Assessment

This analysis considers the usefulness of labelling theory as an explanatory model for theories of criminal law-violating behavior. Labelling theory is summarized in terms of nine “assumptions” as developed by Schrag, and each assumption is related to current empirical research. The analysis concludes that for those violations of the criminal law that have traditionally concerned society and criminologists, the labelling perspective as currently utilized is not a useful model to pursue. The suggested modification of the model and the more careful analysis of situational elements may eventually lead criminologists to discount the labelling approach as it is currently conceptualized.