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Wafer bonding of commercial 4 in. silicon wafers has been performed at room temperature under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. After local initiation of the bonding process the bonding area is self-propagating just as in the case of wafer bonding under atmospheric conditions. The room-temperature bonded wafers, without any additional heat treatment show a bonding strength typical for bulk material.
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Gösele et al. (1995) studied this question.
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