We present femtosecond time-resolved p- and s-polarized reflectivity measurements of silver, aluminum, and tungsten surfaces that are hydrodynamically expanding in response to pulsed laser excitation. A numerical model of the experimental results shows that (1) electron heating and surface expansion influence the reflectivity on distinguishable time scales and (2) covalency, described by non-Drude dielectric constants, is necessary to explain the time-resolved reflectivity of the tungsten target.
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Wang et al. (1992) studied this question.
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