Band Gap Engineering of Mg Doped ZnO Nanorods Prepared by a Hydrothermal Method

The effect of band gap on the structure, magnetic, and optical properties of Zn 1−x Mg x O nanorods synthesized by hydrothermal method using varying x‐values from 0.00 to 0.05 with 0.01 step increment is studied. The structural phases of Zn 1−x Mg x O samples are determined by X‐ray diffraction tool. The Rietveld analysis is performed for the selected Zn 0.95 Mg 0.05 O sample and all samples’ phases are found as single phase. The concentration‐dependent of lattice parameters, cell volumes, microstrain, and dislocation density, locality of the atoms and their displacement, and bond length in Zn 1‐ x Mg x O structures are detailed. Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) measurements are performed and analyzed through concentration dependence of the g‐factor and the line‐widths of pike to pike (ΔH PP ) of ESR spectra. A ferromagnetic behavior of the Zn 0.95 Mg 0.05 O nanorods is observed. The optical band gaps ( E g ) of Zn 1‐ x Mg x O nanorods are obtained by the data taken from Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–VIS) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. It is found that the E g ‐values increased with increasing amount of Mg elements in the structure.