Sensitivity analysis indicate that gravity-driven groundwater flow systems are capable of sustaining favorable fluid-flow rates, temperatures, and metal concentrations for ore formation at groundwater-discharge areas near the edge of a basin. Under a gravity-drive mechanism, groundwater flows from recharge areas in the elevated regions of a foreland basin to discharge areas in lower-elevation regions. Flow patterns and rates are largely dependent on the basin geometry, the water-table configuration, and the subsurface variation in permeability.\--Modified journal abstract.
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Garven et al. (1984) studied this question.