Vulnerable options in supply chains: Effects of supplier competition

Concerned with the risk of supplier default, a firm may choose to diversify its orders among multiple suppliers. Furthermore, the discrepancy in production lead‐times among suppliers furnishes a firm with a valuable option to defer ordering decisions until uncertainty has been partially resolved. The suppliers also have an option: to defer their pricing decisions. Using a single‐period, multi‐stage model of a two‐echelon supply chain with competing risky suppliers and a single manufacturer, this paper investigates how the supplier default risk and default co‐dependence affect manufacturer procurement and production decisions, supplier pricing decisions, firms profits, and the deferment option value and how the introduction of the deferment option alters supplier competition.