The Impact of Immunosuppressive Therapies on Childhood Immunity and Infection Risk

Immunosuppressive therapies are critical in managing pediatric autoimmune diseases, organ transplantation, and malignancies. However, these treatments profoundly impact immune function, increasing infection susceptibility and altering vaccine efficacy. This article explores the mechanisms of immunosuppressive agents, including corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, anti-proliferative agents, and biologics, and their effects on childhood immunity. The heightened infection risk, impaired vaccine responses, and potential delays in immune development highlight the need for targeted prevention strategies. Infection prophylaxis, optimized vaccination schedules, and regular immune monitoring are essential to mitigate risks. Future research should focus on balancing disease control with immune preservation to enhance long-term health outcomes in immunocompromised children.