This review of the dynamics of heavy road–vehicle systems emphasizes directional performance. The review presents information on the following topics: why are articulated vehicles used; units, hitches, and combination vehicles; multiple axle suspensions and steering systems; important performance issues; models and simulation tools; and controlling directional performance. The concluding section summarizes the material presented and provides ideas regarding the application of vehicle system dynamics concepts in developing controllers for road trains.
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Fancher et al. (2007) studied this question.
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