The propagation of solitons in materials with saturable nonlinearity has been investigated with numerical and analytical methods. It is demonstrated that bistable (or two-state) solitons exist that describe pulses with the same duration but different peak powers. It is proved that both solution branches are stable. The minimum possible pulse duration of a fundamental soliton depending on the saturation parameter has been predicted. The influence of loss and the evolution of high-order solitons are studied.
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Gatz et al. (1991) studied this question.