Beyond the ‘Clash’: ‘Theory of Civilizational Interaction’ and Its Influence on China’s Middle East Studies and Diplomacy

This article engages with the ‘Theory of Civilizational Interaction’, developed by Peng Shuzhi, from the perspective of intellectual history. The theory posits that the vitality of civilizations derives from interactions that, in turn, drive their development. By integrating traditional Chinese wisdom and philosophy, it offers a paradigm that challenges Western-centric historiography across various dimensions. In China’s Middle East studies, it has inspired seminal works, and shaped frameworks for analyzing regional history and culture. In foreign policy, the theory offers a foundation for China’s Middle East diplomacy by advocating dialogue and cooperation while critiquing the ‘Clash of Civilizations’ thesis. Despite limitations in conceptual scope and power analysis, its alignment with Chinese traditions and diplomatic strategies enhances its relevance. Promoting its global dissemination could deepen international understanding of China’s approach and foster cross-civilizational cooperation.