Clavicle morphometry in the adult Turkish population: implications for fracture management and implant design

Background This study aimed to evaluate the segmental morphometry of the clavicle using computed tomography (CT) in an adult Turkish population and to assess its potential implications for orthopedic surgical planning and implant design. Methods A total of 450 individuals (225 females, 225 males; aged 18–80 years) were retrospectively analyzed. Multiplanar reconstructed CT images were used to define the longitudinal axis of the clavicle. The bone was divided into five equal segments along this axis, and craniocaudal and anteroposterior diameters were measured in each segment. For standardization, only the left clavicle was evaluated. Measurements were performed three times, and mean values were used for analysis. Morphometric parameters were compared according to sex and age groups using appropriate statistical tests, with adjustments for multiple comparisons. Results Significant sex-related differences were observed in both craniocaudal and anteroposterior diameters across all clavicular segments ( p < 0.001). Age-related differences were more pronounced in proximal and midshaft regions, particularly in anteroposterior dimensions. Overall, the clavicle demonstrated segment-dependent morphological variability, with relatively greater dimensions in medial regions compared to lateral segments. Conclusions The clavicle exhibits significant segmental and sex-based morphometric variation. These findings may have implications for surgical fixation strategies, particularly in relation to implant positioning, plate contouring, and screw placement. However, clinical interpretations should be considered cautiously, as they are based solely on morphometric data.