Key result
Parental premature MI is linked to ~0.06-mm greater carotid intima-media thickness in children.
Why the study?
Is a parental history of premature myocardial infarction associated with increased common carotid artery intima-media thickness in young healthy children aged 5-12 years?
Case-Control (n=52)
Single-blind (ultrasound reader unaware of subject's family history)
No
Is a parental history of premature myocardial infarction associated with increased common carotid artery intima-media thickness in young healthy children aged 5-12 years?
Subclinical carotid structural changes are already detectable by ultrasound in children as young as 5-12 years with a parental history of premature myocardial infarction, independently of traditional lipid and blood pressure risk factors.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Early carotid thickening in children with parental premature MI; hypothesis-generating for familial risk but requires prospective validation before practice change.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Increased carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) is an early manifestation of atherosclerosis. Our group has previously demonstrated that a parental history of premature myocardial infarction (PHPMI) is associated with an increase in carotid IMT in children-adolescents (mean age 13 years) and young adults (mean age 24 years). The aim of the present study was to evaluate if carotid structural changes are detectable in young children with PHPMI. METHODS: 26 healthy children (9 males and 17 females; 5-12 years, mean age 9.1 (2.5) years) with PHPMI and 26 age-matched (plus or minus 1 year), sex-matched and body mass index-matched (BMI; plus or minus 20%) control subjects were enrolled in the study. They underwent high resolution B-mode ultrasonographic evaluation of common carotid artery IMT. Lipid profile, resting blood pressure and BMI were also evaluated. RESULTS: Compared to controls, subjects with PHPMI had increased IMT of common carotid arteries (mean of combined sites: 0.444 (0.076) mm versus 0.382 (0.062) mm in controls, p = 0.001). Offspring of coronary patients showed an unfavourable lipid profile compared to controls; however, the association between a PHPMI and carotid IMT was independent of lipids, apolipoproteins and other traditional risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: Vascular structural changes are detectable in subjects with PHPMI at a young age and occur independently of several traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
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Barra et al. (2009) conducted a case-control in Subclinical atherosclerosis / Parental history of premature myocardial infarction (n=52). Parental history of premature myocardial infarction (PHPMI) vs. Age-, sex-, and BMI-matched healthy children without family history of coronary artery disease was evaluated on Common carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT, mean of combined sites in mm) (p=0.001). Parental history of premature myocardial infarction was associated with increased common carotid artery intima-media thickness in children aged 5-12 years.
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