Lipidomic Predictors of Coronary No-Reflow

Figures

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  Figure 1. Altered lipid species and classes during the coronary no-reflow phenomenon. (A) The significantly altered lipid species between normal and no-reflow subjects at pre-PCI. (B,C) Boxplots of the abundance of lipid classes significantly differed between normal and no-reflow subjects at pre-PCI. (D) The significantly altered lipid species between normal and no-reflow subjects at post-PCI. (E,F) Boxplots of the abundance of lipid classes significantly differed between normal and no-reflow subjects at post-PCI. Green circles show lipid species with p < 0.05, and purple circles show lipid species with Q (corrected p) < 0.2 after independent Student’s t-test. # and ## represent statistical significance at p < 0.05 and Q < 0.2 after independent Student’s t-test.

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  Figure 2. Lipids at pre- and post-PCI. The number of significantly altered lipid species (shown in a darker shade) at (A) pre-PCI and (B) post-PCI as parts of the corresponding whole lipid class. (C) Venn diagram shows the number of significantly altered lipid species (p < 0.05) unique or common between pre-PCI and post-PCI.

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  Figure 3. Clustered heatmap of significantly altered lipid species. A hierarchically clustered heat map representing significantly altered lipid species (p < 0.05) between normal and no-reflow subjects at (A) pre-PCI and (B) at post-PCI. Data were normalized, log-transformed, and auto scaled.

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  Figure 4. Correlation between lipid species and clinical parameters. The correlation plots depict the strength of the relationship (Pearson correlation) between significantly altered lipid species (p < 0.05) and clinical parameters at (A) pre-PCI and (B) post-PCI. Positive correlations are displayed in red and negative correlations in blue. *, **, *** represents the significant level at p < 0.05, 0.01, 0.001, respectively.

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  Figure 5. Time-dependent changes in lipid species. The box plots show the significantly altered lipid species (p < 0.05) in time (between pre-PCI and post-PCI). A paired t-test was run on the list of 26 lipids and 4 lipid classes (significantly different between normal and no-reflow patients) to determine whether there was a statistically significant difference in time. ## represents the significant level at Q (corrected p) < 0.05.

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  Figure 6. Altered lipid species and classes based on ST segment resolution (A) The significantly altered lipid species between normal and no-reflow subjects (ST resolution < 50%) at pre-PCI. (B,C) Boxplots of the abundance of lipid classes significantly differed between normal and no-reflow subjects (ST resolution < 50%) at pre-PCI. (D) The significantly altered lipid species between normal and no-reflow subjects (ST resolution < 50%) at post-PCI. (E,F) Boxplots of the abundance of lipid classes significantly differed between normal and no-reflow subjects (ST resolution < 50%) at post-PCI. Green circles show lipid species with p < 0.05, and grey circles show lipid species with p > 0.05 after independent Student’s t-test. # represent statistical significance at p < 0.05 after independent Student’s t-test.

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  Figure 7. Correlation of cytokines with lipid species. The plot shows the association of significantly altered lipids based on both corrected TIMI frame count (CTFC) and ST-segment resolution with 10 cytokines at pre-PCI (A) and post-PCI (B) for 28 subjects. The red color symbolizes positive correlation, and the blue color symbolizes negative correlation. *, **, *** represents the significant level at p < 0.05, 0.01, 0.001, respectively.