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Congenital heart disease affects 35% to 50% of patients with Down syndrome and is haemodynamically significant in two-thirds of these cases.
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Early diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart disease in patients with Down syndrome are essential for improving outcomes and preventing complications like pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Down syndrome (DS) is one of the most common chromosomal abnormalities. The incidence of DS at birth in developed countries has remained relatively stable over the last 20 years, at approximately 1 per 1000 live births. DS is associated with a number of congenital defects and is also at increased risk of conditions that may develop later in life, and thus requires multidisciplinary care and close surveillance. Congenital heart disease (CHD) is present in 35%–50% of patients and is haemodynamically significant in two-thirds.1 Early diagnosis and treatment in expert centres are essential for improving short-term and long-term outcomes and avoiding important complications, such as the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).
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Dimopoulos et al. (2016) conducted a review in Down syndrome and congenital heart disease. Congenital heart disease affects 35% to 50% of patients with Down syndrome and is haemodynamically significant in two-thirds of these cases.
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