The Triglyceride/High Density Lipoprotein Ratio and Triglyceride Glucose Index as Predictors of Glycemic Control in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus—A Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus represents a significant global health challenge, with an escalating prevalence that demands continuous exploration of novel predictors for glycemic control. Our research delves into the predictive potential of two indices, the Triglyceride/HDL (high-density lipoprotein) ratio and the Triglyceride Glucose Index (TyG), in assessing glycemic control among individuals with diabetes. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 119 patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus who visited General Medicine OPD or who was admitted to General Medicine wards. Patients diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus were taken into the study after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. These patients were subjected to thorough history, clinical examination, biochemical investigations. TG/HDL and TyG is correlated with glycemic control in Diabetic patients Results: Patients with HbA1c >7% exhibited significantly higher total cholesterol ( P = 0.015), triglycerides ( P = 0.044), triglyceride/HDL-C ratio ( P = 0.004), and TyG index ( P = 0.0001) compared to the HbA1c ≤7% group. The HbA1c >7% group displayed significantly higher TG/HDL-C ratio (5.84 ± 4.33 vs. 3.52 ± 2.05; P = 0.004) and TyG index (5.13 ± 0.47 vs. 4.73 ± 0.38; P = 0.0001). Statistically significant differences are observed in both Triglyceride/HDL-C ratio and TyG Index between well-controlled (HbA1c ≤7) and poorly controlled (HbA1c >7) diabetes groups. Conclusion: TG/HDL-C ratio and TyG index might be a useful predictor of glycemic control in patients with DM. These markers were positively associated with HbA1c levels, indicating poorer glycemic control in individuals with higher TG/HDL-C ratios and TyG index value